# import{}¶

Specifications for importing data from a file or generating them from an analytic function, e.g. electrostatic potential, alloy profile, strain profile, doping profile, generation rate profile, electron or hole Fermi level profile.

Once a file has been imported or a function has been defined, it can be used several times, e.g. the same file could include the alloy concentration of a ternary for different region objects.

Data with dimensionality deviating from the simulation dimension can also be imported, e.g. an absorption profile for solar cell modeling.

directory
value

string

example

“D:\import_files\”

Name of directory where files to be imported are located (if data are imported from files)

file{}
name
example

“1D_import”

Name for referencing the imported data in the input file, e.g. “imported_potential_profile_2D”

filename
example

“D:\any_filename.fld”

Name of file which is imported. If an absolute path is included here, the entry in directory specified above is ignored.

alternative

“any_filename.fld”

Name of file which is imported. The file should be located here: directory\filename

format
options

AVS DAT

Format of the file to be imported. At the moment only AVS format and a simple .dat format are supported.

number_of_dimensions
options

1 2 3

Explicit specification of the number of dimensions. Can be only used for .dat files.

(Optional, default value is given by dimensionality of simulation defined in global{})

scale
examples

1.6022e-19 -1

default

1

Imported data is multiplied by this scaling factor (optional) .

Useful to correct unit of imported data, e.g. conversion from [Joule] to [eV].

analytic_function{}

define analytic functions to be imported here. Does not need to be defined if data are imported from files.

name
example

“Analytic_Potential”

Name for referencing the imported function in the input file, e.g. “analytic_function_gaussian”

function
example

“1+2*x^2+exp(y)”

String defining the function in case only one component needs to be defined, otherwise use component.

Note

Syntax allowed for functions:

• white spaces are ignored

• valid operators are “+”, “-“, “*”, “/” and “^”

• multiplication signs always have to be spelled out (i.e. “5*x” is valid, “5x” is not)

• variable names are fixed to “x”, “y” and “z” (capital letters are also allowed)

• additional functions also available (e.g. “exp” , “sqrt”, “sin”, see full list below), have to be followed by brackets (“exp(x)” is valid, “exp x” is not)

• global variables are allowed if preceded by “$” (e.g. “$PI”)

• exponential notation (“2e-3” or “4E10”) is allowed

label
example

“potential_label”

Label (optional) to be displayed in legend in case only one component is defined, otherwise see component.

component{}

In case multiple components are needed, define one component group for each component.

function_i
example

“1D_import”

String defining the function for this component.

label
example

“component_label”

Label (optional) to be displayed in legend for this component.

output_imports{}

Output all imported data including scale factor.

The filenames correspond to the entry given in name = ….

The files will be written to a folder called Imports/.

The following operators (sorted with decreasing precedence)

 power (exponentiation) ^ multiplication, division * / plus and minus + - round arithmetic brackets ( )

and functions are defined in analytic_function:

 sqrt() square root $$\sqrt{\text{ }}$$ cbrt() cubic root $$\sqrt[3]{\text{ }}$$ exp() exponential function $$\exp({\text{ }})$$ log() natural logarithm $$\log$$ ln() natural logarithm $$\ln$$ log2() decadic logarithm (base 2) $$\log_{2}$$ log10() decadic logarithm (base 10) $$\log_{10}$$ sin() sine $$\sin({\text{ }})$$ cos() cosine $$\cos({\text{ }})$$ tan() tangent $$\tan({\text{ }})$$ asin() acrsine $$\sin^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ acos() arccosine $$\cos^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ atan() arctangent $$\tan^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ sinh() hyperbolic sine $$\sinh({\text{ }})$$ cosh() hyperbolic cosine $$\cosh({\text{ }})$$ tanh() hyperbolic tangent $$\tanh({\text{ }})$$ asinh() inverse hyperbolic sine $$\sinh^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ acosh() inverse hyperbolic cosine $$\cosh^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ atanh() inverse hyperbolic tangent $$\tanh^{-1}({\text{ }})$$ erf() error function $$\text{erf}({\text{ }})$$ erfc() complementary error function $$\text{erfc}({\text{ }})$$ gamma() Gamma function $$\Gamma({\text{ }})$$ fdm3half() complete Fermi–Dirac integral $$F_{-3/2}({ })$$ of order -3/2 (includes the $$1/\Gamma(-1/2)$$ prefactor) fdmhalf() complete Fermi–Dirac integral $$F_{-1/2}({ })$$ of order -1/2 (includes the $$1/\Gamma(1/2)$$ prefactor) fdzero() complete Fermi–Dirac integral $$F_{0}({ })$$ of order 0 (includes the $$1/\Gamma(1)=1$$ prefactor) fdphalf() complete Fermi–Dirac integral $$F_{1/2}({ })$$ of order 1/2 (includes the $$1/\Gamma(3/2)$$ prefactor) fdp3half() complete Fermi–Dirac integral $$F_{3/2}({ })$$ of order 3/2 (includes the $$1/\Gamma(5/2)$$ prefactor) abs() absolute value $$|{\text{ }}|$$ floor() floor function floor(x): largest integer $$\le x$$ ceil() ceiling function ceil(x): smallest integer $$\ge x$$ round() rounds the number to the nearest integer sign() sign function iszero() check if value is zero isnotzero() check if value is not zero ispositive() check if value is positive isnotpositive() check if value is not positive isnegative() check if value is negative isnotnegative() check if value is not negative (corresponds to heaviside()) heaviside() Heaviside step function (corresponds to isnotnegative())