# Software for semiconductor nanodevices

### nextnanomat

Software documentation

Operating System

nextnano.cloud

### intern

nnm:visualization

# Output format

nextnanomat can display the following output formats.

• .txt - The file is displayed as a text.
• .dat - The file is displayed as a graph, e.g. scalar field $f(x)$ or vector field $\mathbf{F}(x)$.
x1      f(x1)
x2      f(x2)
...
xn      f(xn)

or

x1      f1(x1)      f2(x1)   f3(x1)   f4(x1)   ...   fm(x1)
x2      f1(x2)      f2(x2)   f3(x2)   f4(x2)   ...   fm(x2)
...
xn      f1(xn)      f2(xn)   f3(xn)   f4(xn)   ...   fm(xn)
• .mtx or .mat - Matrix format for e.g. a matrix, a table, a $f(x,y)$ graph. The $x$ and $y$ axes are labeled with integer numbers.
 A11     A12     A13    ...    A1n
A21     A22     A23    ...    A2n
...
Am1     Am2     Am3    ...    Amn
• .fld - 1D/2D/3D AVS data format (rectilinear grid) - scalar field $f(x,y,z)$ or vector field $\mathbf{F}(x,y,z)$.
• .vtr - 2D/3D VTK data format (rectilinear grid) - scalar field $f(x,y,z)$ or vector field $\mathbf{F}(x,y,z)$.

If a file extension is unknown it is treated as if it were a .txt file.

# Visualization

The menu contains the most important functions to visualize the output data.

## Panels

More specific functions have their own panel. (For convenience some of them can be hidden.) Their location is shown in the following picture:

For 2D- or 3D-plots there are additionally panels for the displayed plane (xy, xz or yz) and its position, as well as the horizontal and vertical slices.

# Export

## All options

All of the export options are available from the context menu (right-click on the visualization).

## Gnuplot export

Only the gnuplot-export is also available from the output main menu.

### 1D-file

But in 1D there is a slight difference! When the gnuplot-export is started in the global menu, all (and only) the items of the overlay list will be exported. With this feature more than a single file can be exported (e.g. the bandedge and the electron probability density): When started in the context menu, only the currently displayed file will be exported.

### 2D/3D-file

When exporting a 2D- or 3D-file, you have some additional options for your gnuplot file: The option color map (2D) will export a file with the same style as it is displayed in the nextnanomat. The other options create surface plots (pseudo 3D-plots): Title and labels are optional and if they aren't specified they will be taken directly from the file (if provided). If remember settings is checked, the next time the panel will be pre-filled with these settings. If you always use the same settings and don't want this dialog to be displayed each time, you can chose the Create Gnuplot file - last used (*.plt) - option in the context menu.

### Requirements for gnuplot export

To visualize the *.plt files, the freely distributed software Gnuplot has to be installed on your device. For information and download visit Gnuplot website. If Gnuplot is installed on your device, the created file will be opened automatically.

### Moving plot-files to another device

1D-plots are linked to the original *.dat file(s). So if you want to move your plot to another device you can either save your plot as *.pdf/*.svg/*.png directly in gnuplot (recommended), or if you want to move the original *.plt-file you also have to move all necessary *.dat files (the paths can be adjusted when opening the *.plt file with a text editor).

The data of 2D/3D-plots is directly stored within the *.plt file, so there is nothing to consider when moving these files. (So why isn't this done alike for 1D-plots? Because with the overlay feature you have the possibility to export nearly unlimited *.dat files in only one *.plt file. If all this data would be duplicated and transferred into the *.plt file, it would simply become to big.)

## Format options

#### Change the line thickness (''lw 4'')

• plot 'D:\bandedges.dat' linetype rgb "#FF0000" pt 5 ...
• plot 'D:\bandedges.dat' linetype rgb "#FF0000" pt 5 lw 4 ...

#### Change font size of the x axis (''20'')

• set xlabel "position (nm)" font "sans - serif"
• set xlabel "position (nm)" font "sans - serif,20"

#### Use subscript and superscript (''enhanced'' vs. ''noenhanced'')

• plot 'D:\density_hole.dat' using 1:2 title "p (10^{18} cm^{-3})"enhanced ...
• plot 'D:\density_hole.dat' using 1:2 title "p (10^18 cm^-3)" noenhanced ...

#### Change range $[x_{min},x_{max}]$ and $[y_{min},y_{max}]$ of graph

• set xrange [-0.3:100.3]
• set xrange [0:100]
• set yrange [-1.5:2.5]
• set yrange [-1.0:0.5]

#### Remove grid

• set grid
• unset grid

#### Change thickness of the border (''lw'')

• set border lw 2
• set border lw 3

#### Remove legend

• set key on ...
• set key off ...

#### Remove box around legend ("box")

• set key on ... box
• set key on ... nobox

#### Increase fonz size in legend

• set key on ... font "sans - serif,14"
• set key on ... font "sans - serif,18"

#### Remove line from legend ("notitle")

• plot 'D:\bandedges.dat' using 1:2 title "E_c " ...
• plot 'D:\bandedges.dat' using 1:2 notitle "E_c " ...

#### Add Greek letter to line in legend ("{/Symbol G}" "enhanced")

• using 1:2 title "{/Symbol G} [eV]" enhanced produces $\Gamma$

#### Generate high quality graphs

• In gnuplot window: Click on Export plot to file
• Save as SVG files (*.svg)
• Open the saved .svg file with Inkscape (www.inkscape.org)
• FileExport .PNG Image… ⇒ Select DrawingExport